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What Are Anxiety Disorders?


Panic disorder is characterized by four or more panic attacks
in a month, or one or more panic attacks followed by persistent fear of experiencing another. Symptoms can include shortness of breath, dizziness, heart palpitations, numbness, feelings of unreality, or nausea.

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Agoraphobia is a complex set of fears and avoidance behaviors associated with being alone or feeling trapped in a public place. Agoraphobia can be so debilitating that some individuals become completely house bound. Many, who experience this condition, find that situations such as driving, using elevators, going into stores, or traveling long distances arouse anxiety and panic.


Obsessive-compulsive disorder is recurrent and persistent images or thoughts that the individual finds disturbing. People with this disorder often perform routine or ritual behavior that helps relieve the anxiety brought on by the obsession. The relief is only temporary and results in repetitive, time-consuming rituals which interfere with daily functioning. The most common obsessions are exactness, doubt, fear of contamination, and thoughts or images of violence. The most common compulsions include cleaning, hand washing, checking, hoarding, counting and repeating.


Generalized anxiety disorder is unrealistic anxiety and excessive worry about two or more life circumstances. Symptoms such as irritability, muscle tension, difficulty concentrating, fatigue, and sleep disturbances characterize this disorder

Anxiety disorder is a condition that has been misdiagnosed and misunderstood for years; although, Anxiety disorders are among the most treatable psychological disorders if diagnosed properly.

The Anxiety Disorder Association of America has determined that the most effective treatments involve cognitive-behavior therapy and medication for some.

Cognitive therapy helps people analyze and reconstruct their thoughts and beliefs that may be causing or contributing to overwhelming anxiety. Cognitive therapy helps people learn their thinking errors and distinguish realistic thinking and appraisal from fear-producing thoughts.

Behavior therapy uses a variety of techniques (tools) that help people modify and change their reactions to their own dialogue and their behavior.

Medication often plays an important role in treatment of anxiety disorders. It is not always necessary and many people leave the drug treatment once they understand how they are creating the disorder.

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Marsha Marcoe, MFT
Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist
Santa Barbara, CA
(805) 692-5078
E-mail: Mmarcoe@yahoo.com